Confused About Ocean Container Shipping Surcharges

If you’ve ever opened a shipping invoice and wondered why the actual cost is so much higher than the quoted freight rate, you’re not the only one. Ocean container shipping surcharges can be confusing, inconsistent, and frustrating – especially for UK businesses importing and exporting goods across the globe.

In this blog, we’ll break down the most common surcharges, why they exist, and how UK shippers can prepare for them.

Why Are There So Many Surcharges?

Shipping lines don’t just charge for the container space. The “base rate” (also known as the ocean freight rate) is only part of the picture. Additional costs are added to cover fuel, handling, regulatory compliance, port congestion, and seasonal disruptions.

For UK importers and exporters, these surcharges can make budgeting tricky – especially when they’re not clearly explained in the freight quotation.

Common Ocean Freight Surcharges in the UK

Here are some of the most frequently applied surcharges that affect shipments in and out of the UK:

• BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor)
  A fuel surcharge linked to fluctuations in global oil prices. It can change quarterly or monthly.

• CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor)
  Applied when there are major fluctuations in exchange rates between currencies (USD, GBP, EUR).

• Port Congestion Surcharge
  When UK ports such as Felixstowe, Southampton, or London Gateway experience congestion, carriers often pass on costs for delays, storage, and vessel waiting times.

• Peak Season Surcharge (PSS)
  Typically added during high-demand periods (e.g., before Christmas or Chinese New Year).

• Low Sulphur Surcharge (LSS / ECA)
  Linked to IMO 2020 environmental regulations, ensuring vessels use cleaner, low-sulphur fuel when sailing in emission control areas around the UK and Europe.

• Documentation Fees
  Charges for bills of lading, customs documents, and other paperwork.

• Demurrage & Detention
  Fees apply if containers are left at UK ports beyond the free period, or if you hold onto equipment longer than agreed.

Why UK Shippers Feel Caught Out

1. Lack of Transparency – Many freight quotes don’t clearly list all potential surcharges upfront.

2. Inconsistent Application – Different carriers and forwarders apply surcharges differently, making comparisons difficult.

3. Rapid Market Changes – Oil price fluctuations, strikes, and congestion at UK ports can trigger new or higher fees almost overnight.

How to Protect Your Business

• Ask for “All-In” Rates
  Whenever possible, request a full breakdown of charges – including surcharges – before you commit.

• Understand the Terms
  Learn the difference between all-in, FCL/LCL base rates, and port-to-door pricing.

• Work with a Transparent Freight Forwarder
  Choose UK-based forwarders who clearly outline their surcharges and provide cost estimates for different scenarios.

• Factor in Buffer Costs
  When budgeting, add an extra 10–15% margin to cover unexpected surcharges.

Final Thoughts

Surcharges in UK container shipping aren’t going away – they’re part of how carriers manage volatility in fuel, port congestion, and regulations. But with transparency, knowledge, and the right logistics partner, you can avoid being blindsided by hidden costs.

If you’re a UK business moving goods internationally, make sure you’re asking the right questions and demanding clarity from your freight providers. After all, shipping is complicated enough without surprise fees.

About this Blog

Address: Uneek House, Amberley Way, Hounslow, Middlesex, TW4 6BH
Call: +44 (0) 20 8569 4949
Website: www.uneek-group.com
Blog Title: Confused About Ocean Container Shipping Surcharges
Blog Author: Mark Watts